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Huge thank you and hugs to @Sewstine @freshfrippery and @NamiSparrow for their contributions, support, and input on this video. Please go check out their channels and their Instagram accounts! They're all amazing creators. ❤

Here are some other videos & articles addressing this issue on different platforms:

saakamalik on tiktok: https://www.tiktok.com/@saakamalik/vi...

   • This Is Just N*zi Sh*t  

https://www.chicagobooth.edu/review/w...
https://www.hitc.com/engb/2023/08/15...

Here are my academic secondary resources:

Susan Branson, "Phrenology and the Science of Race in Antebellum America". Early American Studies, Winter 2017. Pg. 164193 via JSTOR

Photography in the Third Reich: Art Physiognomy and Propaganda. Open Book Publishers. 2021. https://www.academia.edu/81490845/Pho...

Matthais Uecker, "The Face of the Weimar Republic Photography, Physiognomy, and Propaganda in Weimar Germany". Monatshefte, Winter 2007. via JSTOR

Thosaeng Chaochuti, "What Evil Looked Like: The Practice of Reading the Criminal Body in 19th and 20th century Europe". PhD Dissertation. UCLA. 2008 via Proquest

Greggor Mattson, "NationState Science: Lappology and Sweden's Ethnoracial Purity." Comparative Studies in Society and HIstory. April 2014. Cambridge University Press. Via JSTOR

All primary sources found via Gale Primary Resources, ProQuest, or Archive.org.

Physiognomy is back and trending on Tiktok as "face reading"...as well as phrenology via the canthal tilt effect and the angel vs. witch skull videos. This is dangerous, and we need to discuss the history of these pseudo sciences. Face reading isn't a cute little game to play with your friends, it was used as a tool of harm for hundreds of years.

00:00 02:00 Tiktok has a Face Reading Problem
02:01 10:34 What are Physiognomy & Phrenology?
10:35 24:18 The Ugly History
24:19 38:38 Modern Face Reading and Tiktok

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