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Sled dogs are the best endurance athletes in the world thanks to a weird quirk in their metabolism.

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To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:

Glycolysis: The process by which glycogen is broken down into energy.
Anaerobic metabolism: The creation of energy through the combustion of carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen.
Aerobic metabolism: The creation of energy through the breakdown of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
ATP: The principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells.
Baseline Vital Signs: A subject’s temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, pain, and pulse oximetry.
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Credits (and Twitter handles):
Script Writer: David Goldenberg (@dgoldenberg)
Script Editor: Emily Elert (@eelert)
Video Illustrator: Ever Salazar (@eversalazar)
Video Director: Kate Yoshida (@KateYoshida)
Video Narrator: Kate Yoshida (@KateYoshida)
With Contributions From: Henry Reich, Alex Reich, Peter Reich
Music by: Nathaniel Schroeder:   / drschroeder  

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Skunk Bear on the Human Vs. Horse Marathon:    • Human Vs. Horse Marathon  | NPR's SKU...  

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References:

McDougall, C. (2011). Born To Run.

McKenzie, M., Holbrook, T., Williamson, T., Royer, C., Valberg, S. ,Hinchcliff, K., JoseCunilleras, J., Nelson, S., Willard, M., and Davis, M. (2005). Recovery of Muscle Glycogen Concentrations in Sled Dogs during Prolonged Exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 37(8). 13071312. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1...

Poole, D. and Erickson, H. (2011). Highly Athletic Terrestrial Mammals: Horses and Dogs. Comprehensive Physiology. 6:57. 137. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...

Gerth, N., Redman, P., Speakman, J., Jackson, S., and Stark, J.M. (2010). Energy metabolism of Inuit sled dogs. Journal of Comparative Physiology. 180: 577589. Retrieved from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...

Miller, B., Drake, J., Peelor, F.,, Biela, L., Geor, R., Hinchcliff, K., Davis, M., Hamilton, K. (2015). Participation in a 1000mile race increases the oxidation of carbohydrate in Alaskan sled dogs. Journal of Applied Physiology. 118(12):15021509. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...

McKenzie, Ericka. (2017). Professor of large animal internal medicine at the Oregon State University College of Veterinary Medicine. Personal Communication.