Bladder cancer is a common type of cancer that begins in the cells of the bladder, a hollow muscular organ in the lower abdomen that stores urine. Bladder cancer signs and symptoms can include blood in the urine, frequent or painful urination, and back pain.

"The vast majority of bladder cancer patients are diagnosed with cancer that's not imminently lifethreatening, but they tend to be aggressive," says Dr. Mark Tyson II, a Mayo Clinic urologic surgeon. "So bladder cancers, even if they're not lifethreatening when they're first diagnosed, tend to recur."

For this reason, people with bladder cancer typically need followup tests for years after treatment to look for the recurrence of their cancer.

May is Bladder Cancer Awareness Month. On this Mayo Clinic Q&A podcast, Dr. Tyson discusses bladder cancer diagnosis, staging and treatment.

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