Anoles are small lizards with an abundance of charm. There are over 400 species of anoles, scattered all over the American and Caribbean tropics: from remote rainforests in the Bahamas, to busy cities on the mainland. In recent years, anoles have come to be viewed as a great model organism for understanding key evolutionary principles. They’ve helped scientists tackle many of the big questions in biology: from the links between ecology and evolution, to the effects of physiology and behaviour. The results are nothing short of eyeopening.