The History of Electric Vehicles 1841 Initially, the range and speed for electric and gasoline vehicles were approximately the same. The main disadvantage of electric vehicles was the complex charging system. In 1906, a relatively easytouse rectifier was invented, but this did not significantly solve the problem of recharging.
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At the beginning of the century, electric freight vehicles and electric omnibuses were also widely used.
The second half of the XX century
A resurgence of interest in electric vehicles occurred in the 1960s due to environmental problems in automobile transport, and in the 1970s due to the sharp rise in fuel costs as a result of energy crises.
However, after 1982, interest in electric vehicles waned again. This was caused by a sharp change in the oil market and poor performance of pilot batches due to shortages of chemical energy sources.
In the early 90s, California was one of the most polluted regions in the United States. Therefore, the California Air Resources Board made a decision in 1998, 2% of cars sold in California should not produce emissions, and by 2003 10%. The main mass of EV1 users is the Hollywood bohemian audience. In total, about 5,500 electric vehicles from various manufacturers have been sold in California since 1997.
The zeroemissions requirement was then replaced by a low emissions requirement. Almost allelectric cars produced in 2002 were confiscated from users and destroyed. (only Toyota left electric RAV4s to some owners). General Motors also concealed its intention to destroy the seized EV1s from them. This story is described in detail in the popular science film of 2006 "Who killed the electric car?".
In recent years, with the continuous rise in oil prices, electric vehicles have reemerged in popularity. In CBS News "Could The Electric Car Save Us?" it is reported that in 2007 the deployment of industrial production of electric vehicles began again. In connection with this trend, the director of the film Who Killed the Electric Car? Chris Paine has released a sequel titled "Electric Car Revenge."
In 2008, Tesla Motors, an American automobile company from Silicon Valley, launched the Tesla Roadster sports car, which was not inferior in driving performance, acceleration dynamics, and top speed, to ordinary cars.
In May 23,2010, Daihatsu Mira EV was converted into an electric car, a creation of the Japan Electric Vehicle Club that drove 1003.184 kilometers on a single battery charge.
On August 24,2010, the Venturi Jamais Content, an electric car with lithiumion batteries, set a speed record of 495 km/h at a distance of 1 km on a salt lake in Utah. During the race, the car reached a maximum speed of 515 km/h.
On October 27,2010, the Lekker Mobil converted from an Audi A2 microvan, completed a record 605 km run on a single charge from Munich to Berlin in real traffic conditions on public roads, while all auxiliary systems, including heating, were retained and operated. The electric vehicle with a 55 kiloWatt electric motor was created by Lekker Energie on the basis of the Kolibri lithium polymer battery, from DBM Energy. The battery had 115 kiloWatthour, which allowed the electric car to travel the entire route at an average speed of 90 km/h, the maximum speed on certain sections of the route was 130 km/h, and to keep 18% of the initial charge after the finish. According to DBM Energy, an electric forklift with such a battery was able to work continuously for 32 hours, which is 4 times more than with a conventional battery. The representative of the Lekker Energie company claims that the Kolibri battery is capable of providing a total resource mileage of up to 500,000 kilometers.
In November 29,2010, the Nissan Leaf, an electric car was declared the winner of the European Car of the Year competition for the first time, with 257 points.
In June 2013, with a short interval, the ZEOD RC racing electric cars of the Japanese company Nissan and the B12/69EV of the British company Drayson Racing Technologies set new world speed records among electric vehicles300 km/h and 330 km/h, respectively.
The Dieselgate environmental scandal with Volkswagen has pushed many carmakers to produce electric vehicles. The development of electric vehicles is actively underway in China.
In January 2017, the Rimac Concept, one electric car won a drag race against one of the fastest petrol cars in the world, the Bugatti Veyron.
Electric vehicles are characterized by low transport costs. Ford Ranger consumes 0.25 kiloWatt/hour per mile, Toyota RAV4 EV 0.19 kWh per mile.
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