In this video, you will learn about OSI model and its 7 layers in Hindi:
OSI stands for Open System Interconnection. It was developed by ISO – ‘International Organization for Standardization’, in the year 1984. It is a reference Model that explains the process of transmitting data between computers. In simple words, the OSI model provides a standard for different computer systems to be able to communicate with each other.
The OSI model is a fundamental reference model that helps in designing, analyzing, and troubleshooting network communication. Here's a brief description of each of its seven layers:
1. Physical Layer: The first and lowest layer deals with the physical transmission of raw data over a physical medium, such as cables or wireless signals. It defines characteristics like voltage levels, cable types, and data rates.
Functions of Physical Layer:
• The physical layer explains how two or more devices are physically connected to each other.
• The physical layer also specifies which transmission mode will be used between two devices in the network. i.e. simplex, halfduplex, or full duplex
• This layer completes the task of network topology.
• This layer indicates the data rate, specifying how many bits will be transferred in one second.
2. This layer is responsible for data framing and error detection, ensuring that the raw data is transformed into frames and can be transmitted reliably over a local network.
Functions of Data Link Layer:
• This layer encodes and decodes data packets, these data packets are known as frames.
• It is responsible for adding headers and trailers to these frames.
• This layer also manages error control.
3. Network layer:The network layer manages the routing of data packets across different networks and subnets. It is responsible for addressing, packet forwarding, and determining the best path for data to travel.
Functions of Network layer:
• Its primary task is to provide IP addresses to devices.
• It adds the source and destination addresses to the header of data packets. These addresses are used to identify devices on the Internet.
• This layer is also responsible for routing. It determines the best path for data packets to travel.
• It also performs switching.
4. Transport Layer:This layer is responsible for endtoend communication and data segmentation. It ensures that data is transmitted reliably and in the correct order.
Functions of Transport layer:
• The main function of the Transport Layer is to transfer data from one computer to another.
• Its job is to provide pointtopoint connections.
• It performs both flow control and error control functions.
• It is also responsible for controlling the connection.
5. Session Layer: The session layer establishes, manages, and terminates communication sessions between devices.
Functions of Session Layer:
• The primary function of the Session Layer is to establish, maintain, and terminate sessions between two devices.
• It also fulfills the task of synchronization, meaning that whenever an error occurs during transmission, the transmission is repeated.
6.Presentation Layer: Responsible for data translation, encryption, and compression, the presentation layer ensures that data sent by one application can be understood by another, regardless of the differences in data formats.
Functions of Presentation Layer:
• The Presentation Layer is used for encrypting and decrypting data.
• Its primary function also includes compression. Compression is crucial because it allows us to reduce the size of data.
• It also performs the task of translation.
7. Application Layer: The topmost layer provides the interface between the user or application and the network. It includes the actual applications that generate, process, and consume data, such as web browsers, email clients, and file transfer programs.
Functions of Application Layer:
•Through the Application Layer, a user can access files from their computer.
• It also provides the capability to forward and store email.
• It allows us to access directories from a database.
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