The current nomenclature has long been recognised as inadequate, as it fails to capture the true complexity and underlying causes of NAFLD. The term “nonalcoholic” does not accurately reflect the disease’s etiology, while the word “fatty” has carried negative connotations and contributed to stigmatisation. Furthermore, the existing nomenclature excludes individuals with risk factors for NAFLD, such as type 2 diabetes, who may consume more alcohol than the strict nonalcoholic thresholds.

Acknowledging these shortcomings, a comprehensive effort was initiated by the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD), the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), and the Asociación Latinoamericana para el Estudio del Hígado (ALEH). This multistakeholder initiative involved hepatologists, gastroenterologists, endocrinologists, hepatopathologists, public health and obesity experts, along with representatives from industry, regulatory agencies, and patient advocacy organisations. Their collective expertise and diverse perspectives were instrumental in crafting a new consensus on the nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for NAFLD.

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