One of the challenges of accurate multiple sclerosis diagnosis is the high prevalence of T2 bright white matter lesions in the subcortical white matter seen on MRI scans done on people without MS. These "unidentified bright objects" (UBOs) are associated with migraine and vascular risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. This video differentiates between MS demyelinating lesions and UBOs/vascular disease, showing various examples and key differences.

Errata: the comment “Being a radiologist is easier than it looks” at 11:25 is an error. I of course meant to say “Being a radiologist is harder than it looks,” but I somehow missed this until I edited and uploaded the video.

Selected sources:

Radiology assistant article with images: https://radiologyassistant.nl/neurora...
Risk of white matter hyperintensities in chronic migraine is ~75%: https://bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/a...


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Dr. Brandon Beaber is a boardcertified neurologist with subspecialty training in multiple sclerosis and other immunological diseases of the nervous system. He is a partner in the Southern California Permanente Medical Group and practices in Downey, California (South Los Angeles). He has several publications on MS epidemiology and has participated in clinical trials for MS therapeutics. You can follow him on twitter @Brandon_Beaber where he regularly posts about MS news and research.

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he video material by Dr. Brandon Beaber is general educational material on health conditions and is not intended to be used by viewers to diagnose or treat any individual's medical condition. Specifically, this material is not a substitute for individualized diagnostic and treatment advice by a qualified medical/health practitioner, licensed in your jurisdiction, who has access to the relevant information available from diagnostic testing, medical interviews, and a physical examination. To the extent that Dr. Beaber endorses any lifestyle change, behavioral intervention, or supplements, the viewer should consult with a qualified healthcare professional to determine the safety and efficacy of the intervention in light of their individualized information.