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Japan in 1960 was insane.

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Spectacles

Seriously, it was a really wild (and dark) year.
What would omnipotence feel like? Probably something like AnyDesk. Get it now for free: https://anydesk.com/spectacles

The research for this video video relied extensively on the book Japan at the Crossroads, by Nick Kapur.

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Spectacles is a love letter to democracy, its values, its caretakers, and its ideas. Around the world, individual rights and representative government are facing unprecedented attacks from the forces of reaction and revisionism. But despite liberal democracy’s real shortcomings and today’s alltoofashionable cynicism, we remain committed to its preservation and improvement. Join us as we explore just what liberal democracy is, how it comes about, and how it can best be maintained in a changing world.

SOURCES
A = Nick Kapur, Japan at the Crossroads: Conflict and Compromise after Anpo (Harvard University Press, 2018)
B = Constitution of Japan
C = William Manchester, American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur, 1880–1964 (Little, Brown, and Co. 1978)
D = “The Miraculous Deliverance From a Titanic Tragedy,” for the National World War II Museum, 25 August 2020
E = Robert Fahey, “Japan Explained: The House of Councilors,” in TokyoReview, 18 July 2019.
F = Wikipedia, “1960 Japanese general election.”
G = Michelle Toh, “Living standards are still falling in Japan. That’s a recipe for more stagnation,” CNN 12 April 2023
H = Naoki Abe, “Japan’s Shrinking Economy,” for the Brookings Institute, 12 February 2010.
I = Modern Japan: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Nationalism, ed. James L. Huffman (Routledge, 2013)

CITATIONS (footnotes in English CC)
1. D.
2. I, 16; A, 14.
3. C, 472.
4. A, 89.
5. A, 9.
6. B.
7. A, 910.
8. A, 910.
9. A, 19.
10. A, 11.
11. A, 10.
12. A, 10.
13. A, 12.
14. A, 1113.
15. A, 1718.
16. A, 25.
17. A, 2.
18. A, 25.
19. A, 18.
20. A, 1718.
21. A, 2021.
22. A, 2223. CORRECTION: The Diet session was scheduled to end on May 26. All succeeding event dates are correct.
23. A, 23.
24. A, 23.
25. E.
26. A, 23.
27. A, 26.
28. A, 2729.
29. A, 2930.
30. A, 31.
31. A, 32.
32. A, 50.
33. A, 34.
34. A, 169.
35. A, 34.
36. I, 16.
37. A, 74, 84.
38. A, 7576.
39. A, 76.
40. A, 254.
41. A, 254.
42. A, 8586.
43. A, 84.
44. A, 7778.
45. A, 8485, 98.
46. F.
47. A, 84.
48. A, 105.
49. A, 8081.
50. A, 82.
51. A, 265.
52. A, 267; G; H.

00:00 Intro
02:19 Occupation
06:33 I. The Treaty
10:50 II. The Protest
15:24 III. The Murder
22:17 Conclusion

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