This Old House plumbing and heating expert Richard Trethewey explains how a recirculation line can save energy, money, and time. (See steps below.)
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Steps for How to Get Hot Water with a Recirculating Pump:
1. A recirculation line is a separate water pipe that runs off the hotwater line from the farthest plumbing fixture back to the water heater.
2. A pump at the water heater moves hot water through the recirculation line. Any cold water in the recirculation line is returned to the heater.
3. A check valve must be installed in the line to ensure hot water only goes in one direction.
4. An aquastat is mounted to the hotwater pipe. When it senses that hot water is returning to the heater, it shuts off the pump.
5. A timer is used to ensure that the system isn't maintaining the recirculation line when you're away at work or sleeping.
6. Allinone pumps are available that have the aquastat and timer built into them.
7. Pumps and fittings can be used to push cold water in the hotwater pipe into the coldwater line until it senses that hot water has finally arrived from the heater.

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How to Get Hot Water with a Recirculating Pump | Ask This Old House
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