The region of ancient Persia, which is modernday Iran, has one of the longest histories, reaching back to the Palaeolithic Age, some one hundred thousand years ago. Between circa 1500 and 1000 BCE, a Persian priest named Zoroaster, also known as Zarathustra, claimed he received a vision from Ahura Mazda. The god told him to rectify the error of following a polytheistic religion, and to instead declare that only one god exists, himself, obviously. This new religion, known as Zoroastrianism, was the first monotheistic religion in the world. This religion was later adopted by the Achaemenid Persian Empire, and those who succeeded it, namely the Parthian and Sassanian empires.

The Achaemenid Persian Empire, often just referred to as the Achaemenid Empire, was founded by Cyrus the Great who reigned from circa 550 to 530 BCE. Cyrus the Great had his policies and his vision inscribed on what is known as the Cyrus Cylinder (considered by some scholars as the First Declaration of Human Rights), where he decreed how he wanted his people to live freely and in peace with others. After Cyrus the Great died in five thirty BCE, his son Cambyses II succeeded him, and reigned for eight years until he was assassinated by a distant cousin who took the regnal name of Darius the first, also known as Darius the Great

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— CHAPTERS —
0:00​ Introduction
0:40 The Early History of Ancient Persia
5:12 The Achaemenid Persian Empire
10:21 Alexander the Great and the End of the Persian Empire
13:57 Outro

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Achaemenid Persian Empire https://www.worldhistory.org/Achaemen...
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Cyrus the Great https://www.worldhistory.org/Cyrus_th...
Cambyses II https://www.worldhistory.org/Cambyses...
Darius the Great /
Xerxes I https://www.worldhistory.org/Xerxes_I/
The Cyrus Cylinder https://www.worldhistory.org/article/...
Persepolis https://www.worldhistory.org/persepolis/
Pasargadae https://www.worldhistory.org/Pasargadae/

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