In this video, I cover all of the main parts of a neuron including the dendrites, cell body (soma), axon hillock, axon, and axon terminals (synaptic boutons). I describe how a signal travels from the dendrites of a neuron, down the axon, and to the axon terminals to communicate with another neuron through the release of neurotransmitters. I also describe ways of categorizing neurons based on structure (i.e., multipolar, bipolar, unipolar, and pseudounipolar) and function (i.e., motor, sensory, and interneurons).

Key points:
00:00 General introduction to neurons
1:17 How neurons communicate
2:12 Parts of a neuron
7:00 Classifying neurons based on structure
8:17 Classifying neurons based on function

REFERENCES:

Breedlove SM, Watson NV. Behavioral Neuroscience. 8th ed. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc.; 2018.

Kandel ER, Barres BA, Hudspeth AJ. 2013. Nerve Cells, Neural Circuitry, and Behavior. In: Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM, eds. Principles of Neural Science, 5th ed. New York: McGrawHill.